The advanced practice curriculum includes courses based on a specific population (family/individual across the lifespan, adult/gerontology, womens health/gender related, neonatal, pediatrics, or psych/mental health), three core courses known as the 3 Ps (advanced pathophysiology, pharmacology, and physical assessment) and 500 hours of clinical practicum. Certification in the primary population after graduation is highly recommended and may be required for licensure as an APN by the state.The perioperative APNs role includes direct patient care, research, consultation/collaboration, and education. The APN may be involved with the patient through the entire perioperative experience.